Showing posts with label chemistry. Show all posts
Showing posts with label chemistry. Show all posts

Thursday, December 9, 2010

Origin of life part 2 DNA

           DNA, the hereditary material in all living cells that carries the information to duplicate itself.Every human being has their own unique DNA code. The code is made up of four chemical bases:
            G- guanine
            A-aenine
            T-thymine
            C-cytosine.

             The order of the basis determines the information available for building and maitaining an organism. For example: The 24 letters of the alphabet can be rearrange to write everything ever written in English.
            Basically what we are examining is information, the blueprint to make another similar organism. But it doesn't do that by itself. It is necessary for enzymes to exist, various types of proteins that drive the chemical reaction required for a particular action.
             So the enzyme is the worker, taking it's orders from the information on the DNA and performs perfectly what is required of it.
              Now, we have the info and the enzymes that read the info and do what it says. A question that I have and could not find an answer to was: How could the information and the workers evolve seperately from DNA but need each other to replicate life? How does it know to do that?
              A piece of DNA that dictates a particular trait is called a gene.The amount of info in DNA is staggering, a DNA strand is only 10 atoms wide but if you stretched out the strands in your body it would be about 500 million miles long.This is all the information to build your bones,eyes,heart and every other part and function of your body.
             One of the mysterious of science is how  identical cells,with the same DNA, will divide to form your heart while others form the other body parts.
              One theory is that there are switches that turn some genes on while turning some off. Where are these swithches? Until scientist find them, I will submit this as evidence of design.
             You were conceived when an egg from your mother and a sperm cell from your father met to give you 23 chromozones from your mother and the same from your father. This have you your own genetic code. There has never been ,in all history, anyone like you.
              If a problem occurs in the process, the new cells, if they survive ,can cause problems.These are called mutations. Here is a real smoking gun as far as I am concrned: Some mutations are beneficial. This is the basis of all evolution theory, a beneficial mutation that allows an organism to develope capabilities it's ancestor did not posses.
              A mutation is a mistake, a G where it should have been a T. So how can a mistake in the blueprint lead to a benifit in the organism?Can a bunch of mistakesin DNA from the first One cell organism ,all the way to us ,be just mindless luck.
              So, maybe all mutations are not mistakes but an improvement in the design.
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Monday, November 29, 2010

Origin of Life. Part 1

           The origin of life and the origin of the universe are similar in that scientists have many theories but no provable answers for either origin.
           What is life?It is carbon and water based, has a capacity to grow and reproduce.The great mystery in science is the process by which life originated on Earth from non-living matter.
            The earliest evidence for life on Earth are fossilized mats of bacteria, that have been analyzed to be about 3.4 billion years old.This type of bacteria is still around now and have survived and thrived for 3.4 billion years and have the same basic structure and chemistry.Even though this bacteria are single cell, while we have billions, their structure,chemistry and reproductive process are so complex,scientist say they could not be possibly be first life.Scientist theorize an intermittent process between non-living matter and bacteria. So far, none have been found.
            There are many theories for the origin of life.One of the oldest and since  discredited is Spontaneous generation. Their premise was that life could be produced from decaying organic matter. For example:maggots would magically appear on dead meat. This was disproven when it was demonstrated that flies laid eggs in the meat which gave birth to maggots.Scientists have tried everything to produce life from non-living matter. They have tried to duplicate the chemistry that may have existed in pools of water billions of years ago. When that didn't work, they shot electricity through it, they shot micro waves through it. Nothing, during all recorded history, there has never been a case of a living thing produced by anything other than another living thing.
             A current theory is organic molecules raining down from outer space, but the one that interest me the most is the quantum theory of life.This theory suggests that quantum mechanics enabled life to emerge directly from the atomic world, without the need for  complex chemistry. We have looked at the crazy, magical quantum world,(see"A Smoking Gun).and the answer may lay there in some way.
             Next , we will look at DNA,that blueprint for all life and direct evidence of design.
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